Difference between revisions of "Ortûlékian Languages"

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 __FORCETOC__
-Classical, but not ancient; sacred, but not divine; once spoken in every corner of Elondor, sup-planting language upon language as they spread across plains and highlands, only to eventually be replaced themselves by a younger generation of vernaculars—the Ortûlékian languages have left their mark on Elondor, uncontestably remaining even long after the last of them has van-ished from the sphere of everyday speech.<br>
+Classical, but not ancient; sacred, but not divine; once spoken in every corner of Elondor, sup-planting language upon language as they spread across plains and highlands, only to eventually be replaced themselves by a younger generation of vernaculars—the '''Ortûlékian languages''' have left their mark on Elondor, uncontestably remaining even long after the last of them has van-ished from the sphere of everyday speech.<br>
-This language family was my first—beginning in August 2013 with the construction of what would become [[Middle Olgish]] on cruising altitude over the Pacific, followed soon by the conception of [[High Aribelian and [[Iilish language|Iilish]]—and has in the past eight years undergone more revisions and expansions than any other. They have spawned two of the great literary languages of the [[Lécaronian Empire|Imperial Era]], Middle Olgish and High Aribelian (with Iilish as an adopted third), and are hence perhaps the most prominent language group in everything I have written so far, and inseparably entwined in the history of two great states, [[Aribel]] and the [[Lécaronian Empire]].
+This language family was my first—beginning in August 2013 with the construction of what would become [[Middle Olgish]] on cruising altitude over the Pacific, followed soon by the conception of [[High Aribelian]] and [[Iilish language|Iilish]]—and has in the past eight years undergone more revisions and expansions than any other. They have spawned two of the great literary languages of the [[Lécaronian Empire|Imperial Era]], Middle Olgish and High Aribelian (with Iilish as an adopted third), and are hence perhaps the most prominent language group in everything I have written so far, and inseparably entwined in the history of two great states, [[Aribel]] and the [[Lécaronian Empire]].
 ==Branches and Languages==
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+{"E": "Noldorinian †"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Proto-Olgish","C": "Old Olgish","E": "Old Olgish Koiné*"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Proto-Olgish","C": "Old Olgish","D": "Middle Olgish","E": "Liturgical Olgish*"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Proto-Olgish","C": "Old Olgish","D": "Middle Olgish","E": "New Olgish †"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Proto-Olgish","C": "Old Olgish","D": "Middle Olgish","E": "Northern Feldic"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Proto-Olgish","C": "Old Olgish","D": "Old Wertian","E": "Wertian"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Proto-Olgish","C": "Old Olgish","D": "Old Corbian","E": "Corbian"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Proto-Olgish","C": "Old Brethanian (‘Orinic’)","D": "Middle Brethanian","E": "Brethanian"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Archaic Aribelian","C": "Old Aribelian","D": "High Aribelian*","E": "Vulgar Aribelian"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","C": "Proto-Celdic","D": "Old Western Celdic","E": "Western Celdic Dialects"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","C": "Proto-Celdic","D": "Old Eastern Celdic","E": "Eastern Celdic Dialects"},
+{"A": "Proto-Ortûlékian","B": "Aulish †","D": "→ Old Iilish","E": "Iilish"}
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+<!--
 * Pre-Proto-Ortûlékian
-** Noldorinian<ref name="exctinct">Branch extinct</ref>
+** Noldorinian<ref name="extinct">Branch extinct</ref>
 ** Proto-Ortûlékian
 *** Proto-Olgish
@@ Line 12: / Line 49: @@
 ***** Middle Olgish
 ****** Liturgical Olgish<ref name="lit" />
-****** New Olgish<ref name="exctinct" />
+****** New Olgish<ref name="extinct" />
 ****** Northern Feldic
 ***** Old Wertian
@@ Line 31: / Line 68: @@
 ***** Common Eastern Celdic
 ****** Eastern Celdic Dialects
-*** Aulish<ref name="exctinct" />
+*** Aulish<ref name="extinct" />
 **** Old Iilish
 ***** Iilish
+'''<big>Notes</big>'''<references /> -->
-<references />
 ==History==
@@ Line 48: / Line 84: @@
 Proto-Ortûlékian grammar seems to have been fairly complex, with near-oligosynthetic verbal morphology comprising at least seven affixational slots on the verbal root and double marking of cases on both nouns and verbs. Most overt coding has been lost into [[Olgish languages|Olgish]], where only few morphological categories remain; but the intricate verbal morphology has been at least partly preserved into [[Aribelian languages|Aribelian]] and [[Aulish language|Aulish]]. One phenomenon shared by all three branched (and presumably [[Noldorininan language|Noldorinian]]) and potentially facilitated by the original double marking is the possibility to use any inflectional affix on any lexical category, such as forming the superlative of nouns (MOlg. ''relnir-un'' ‘high king’, lit. ‘the most king’) or coding tense on adjectives (HArb. ''arohil-et'' ‘formerly different’). Word order is almost invariably SVO, in some languages with free variation among objects, the order of which is coordinated by the complementational coding on the verb. Ortûlékian languages are largely head-initial, albeit with a relatively large freedom in individual cases, and allow pro-dropping in most contexts.<br>
 A relatively large phoneme inventory can be reconstructed for [[Pre-Proto-Ortûlékian]], with at least eight series of plosives (Mediae, Mediae Aspiratae, Tenues, Aspiratae, and a prenasalized variant of each) and plosive clusters common. These were incompletely merged in [[Proto-Ortûlékian]], giving rise to a large number of diphthongs as clusters were resolved by lenition and creating the classical system of eight plosives (Mediae, Aspiratae, the glottal stop, and the single Tenuis /k/), which was fully preserved into Old Olgish and partly into [[Old Aribelian]]. Environmental interactions with nasals and prenasalized sounds shifted many vowels into a contrastive lax position and expanding the Ortûlékian vowel inventory to up to 22 phonemes in [[Middle Olgish|Olgish]].
+[[Category:Language Families]]