LCC11 Torch Annotated Gloss - Revision history

Michaelmgoessler: /* Gloss and interlinear translation */

2025-05-03T17:01:18Z

Gloss and interlinear translation

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:01, 3 May 2025
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	</table><br />		</table><br />
	<table>		<table>
	<tr><td>Gimmortik</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>terg</td><td>túra=</td><td>da</td><td>bern-</td><td>e-</td><td>t</td><td>kassa</td><td>eldírik</td><td>nau=</td><td>da.</td></tr>		<tr><td>Gimmortik</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>terg</td><td>túra-</td><td>da</td><td>bern-</td><td>e-</td><td>t</td><td>kassa</td><td>eldírik</td><td>nau=</td><td>da.</td></tr>
	<tr><td>wise.person</td><td>reminisce-</td><td>{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>{{sc\|def}}</td><td>mother=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td><td>make-</td><td>{{sc\|sg-}}</td><td>{{sc\|past}}</td><td>feast</td><td>formidable</td><td>for=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td></tr>		<tr><td>wise.person</td><td>reminisce-</td><td>{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>{{sc\|def}}</td><td>mother=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td><td>make-</td><td>{{sc\|sg-}}</td><td>{{sc\|past}}</td><td>feast</td><td>formidable</td><td>for=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td></tr>
	<tr><td colspan=13>A wise person remembers when their mother cooked the best food for them.</td></tr>		<tr><td colspan=13>A wise person remembers when their mother cooked the best food for them.</td></tr>

Michaelmgoessler: /* The definite article */

2025-05-03T17:01:00Z

The definite article

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:01, 3 May 2025
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	*'''''duat’ lárnur''''' ‘tonight’ ← ''dua terg lárnur'' lit. ‘in this evening’ <br />		*'''''duat’ lárnur''''' ‘tonight’ ← ''dua terg lárnur'' lit. ‘in this evening’ <br />
	Similarly, here {{sc\|def}} is used to single out the ''lárnur'' ‘evening’ given as the hodiernal one. Again, ''terg'' is elided and attaches to ''dua''.		Similarly, here {{sc\|def}} is used to single out the ''lárnur'' ‘evening’ given as the hodiernal one. Again, ''terg'' is elided and attaches to ''dua''.
	*'''''terg túrada''''' ‘their ({{sc\|sg}}) mother’ ← ''terg túra=da''<br />		*'''''terg túrada''''' ‘their ({{sc\|sg}}) mother’ ← ''terg túra-da''<br />
	The third example marked differs from the previous two. Here, instead of a bare noun, {{sc\|def}} is associated with a possessive construction, and its presence is due to grammatical obligation rather than semantic nuance. Unlike in Liturgical Olgish, where pronouns functioning as possessors attach to the left of their possession, forming the equivalent of a right-headed possessive compound (so ''terg de-túnor'' ‘({{sc\|def}}) your protection’), by the Middle Olgish period, possessively functioning pronouns attach to the right of the possessed noun; as in Liturgical Olgish, although the construction is (semantically) inherently definite, it is obligatorily preceded by the definite article. Uniquely in the text above, this instance of ''terg'' is not elided but realized in full.		The third example marked differs from the previous two. Here, instead of a bare noun, {{sc\|def}} is associated with a possessive construction, and its presence is due to grammatical obligation rather than semantic nuance. Unlike in Liturgical Olgish, where pronouns functioning as possessors attach to the left of their possession, forming the equivalent of a right-headed possessive compound (so ''terg de-túnor'' ‘({{sc\|def}}) your protection’), by the Middle Olgish period, possessively functioning pronouns attach to the right of the possessed noun; as in Liturgical Olgish, although the construction is (semantically) inherently definite, it is obligatorily preceded by the definite article. Uniquely in the text above, this instance of ''terg'' is not elided but realized in full.

	[[Category:Grammar Discussions]][[Category:Out-of-Universe]]		[[Category:Grammar Discussions]][[Category:Out-of-Universe]]

Michaelmgoessler at 16:59, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T16:59:50Z

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	* '''gissún''' ‘full of’ ← ''gis'' {{sc\|prep}} ‘with’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)		* '''gissún''' ‘full of’ ← ''gis'' {{sc\|prep}} ‘with’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)

	===~~Elision of the~~ definite article===		===The definite article===
	The definite article ''terg'', obligatory in [[Saint Fádin\|Fádin’s]] [[Liturgical Middle Olgish\|Liturgical Olgish]], is used only sparingly in Middle Olgish, expressing a stronger sense of definiteness, and is in many instances subject to elision and cliticization, attaching either to the following noun or, more commonly, a preceding preposition.		The definite article ''terg'', obligatory in [[Saint Fádin\|Fádin’s]] [[Liturgical Middle Olgish\|Liturgical Olgish]], is used only sparingly in Middle Olgish, expressing a stronger sense of definiteness, and is in many instances subject to elision and cliticization, attaching either to the following noun or, more commonly, a preceding preposition.

	The above text contains only three definite articles, two serving a demonstrative function and one used in a possessive construction with a pronoun:		The above text contains only three definite articles, two serving a demonstrative function and one used in a possessive construction with a pronoun:

	*'''''duat’ hern'' ‘at home’'''		*'''''duat’ hern''''' ‘at home’ ← ''dua terg hern'' lit. ‘at the house’ <br />
			This expression uses {{sc\|def}} to refer to a specific ''hern'' ‘house’, implied to be the speaker’s home. The article is elided and cliticized, attaching to the preposition ''dua'' ‘in, at’.
			*'''''duat’ lárnur''''' ‘tonight’ ← ''dua terg lárnur'' lit. ‘in this evening’ <br />
			Similarly, here {{sc\|def}} is used to single out the ''lárnur'' ‘evening’ given as the hodiernal one. Again, ''terg'' is elided and attaches to ''dua''.
			*'''''terg túrada''''' ‘their ({{sc\|sg}}) mother’ ← ''terg túra=da''<br />
			The third example marked differs from the previous two. Here, instead of a bare noun, {{sc\|def}} is associated with a possessive construction, and its presence is due to grammatical obligation rather than semantic nuance. Unlike in Liturgical Olgish, where pronouns functioning as possessors attach to the left of their possession, forming the equivalent of a right-headed possessive compound (so ''terg de-túnor'' ‘({{sc\|def}}) your protection’), by the Middle Olgish period, possessively functioning pronouns attach to the right of the possessed noun; as in Liturgical Olgish, although the construction is (semantically) inherently definite, it is obligatorily preceded by the definite article. Uniquely in the text above, this instance of ''terg'' is not elided but realized in full.

			[[Category:Grammar Discussions]][[Category:Out-of-Universe]]

Michaelmgoessler: /* Elision of the definite article */

2025-05-03T16:46:43Z

Elision of the definite article

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 3 May 2025
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	===Elision of the definite article===		===Elision of the definite article===
	The definite article ''terg'', obligatory in [[Saint Fádin\|Fádin’s]] [[Liturgical Middle Olgish\|Liturgical Olgish]], is used only sparingly in Middle Olgish and in many instances subject to elision and cliticization, attaching either to the following noun or, more commonly, a preceding preposition.		The definite article ''terg'', obligatory in [[Saint Fádin\|Fádin’s]] [[Liturgical Middle Olgish\|Liturgical Olgish]], is used only sparingly in Middle Olgish, expressing a stronger sense of definiteness, and is in many instances subject to elision and cliticization, attaching either to the following noun or, more commonly, a preceding preposition.

	The above text contains only three definite articles, two serving a demonstrative function and one used in a possessive construction with a pronoun.		The above text contains only three definite articles, two serving a demonstrative function and one used in a possessive construction with a pronoun:

	*''duat’ hern'' ‘at home’		*'''''duat’ hern'' ‘at home’'''

Michaelmgoessler: /* Morphological soft selection */

2025-05-03T16:45:37Z

Morphological soft selection

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 3 May 2025
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	A hallmark feature of all [[Ortûlékian languages]], affixes in Middle Olgish show a great deal of flexibility with regards to the syntactic class of the host they attach to, moving fairly freely between nouns, verbs, and adjectives, and more rarely even pronouns and particles. This ‘soft’ host selection is very common and appears in multiple instances in the text above:		A hallmark feature of all [[Ortûlékian languages]], affixes in Middle Olgish show a great deal of flexibility with regards to the syntactic class of the host they attach to, moving fairly freely between nouns, verbs, and adjectives, and more rarely even pronouns and particles. This ‘soft’ host selection is very common and appears in multiple instances in the text above:
	* '''ilisek''' ‘it would be good’ ← ''ilis'' {{sc\|adj}} ‘good’ + ''-ek'' (singular subjunctive ending)		* '''ilisek''' ‘it would be good’ ← ''ilis'' {{sc\|adj}} ‘good’ + ''-ek'' (singular subjunctive ending)
	* '''elikún''' ‘so many different options’ ← ''elik'' ‘alternative, choice’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)		* '''elikún''' ‘so many different options’ ← ''elik'' {{sc\|n}} ‘alternative, choice’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)
	* '''gissún''' ‘full of’ ← ''gis'' ‘with’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)		* '''gissún''' ‘full of’ ← ''gis'' {{sc\|prep}} ‘with’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)

	===Elision of the definite article===		===Elision of the definite article===

Michaelmgoessler: /* Conditional clause */

2025-05-03T16:45:06Z

Conditional clause

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 3 May 2025
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	The condition is presented first, without a conjunction but the predicate in the subjunctive mood: ''ním ilisek'' ‘things would [be] good’.		The condition is presented first, without a conjunction but the predicate in the subjunctive mood: ''ním ilisek'' ‘things would [be] good’.

	This is followed by the conditioned action, equally in the subjunctive but introduced by ''kéla'' ‘then, therefore’, one of the few Olgish conjunctions: ''kéla ahandärnek ~~nauka~~'' ‘I would speak politely with you’.		This is followed by the conditioned action, equally in the subjunctive but introduced by ''kéla'' ‘then, therefore’, one of the few Olgish conjunctions: ''kéla ahandärnek nauko'' ‘I would speak politely with you’.

	===Morphological soft selection===		===Morphological soft selection===

Michaelmgoessler at 16:44, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T16:44:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:44, 3 May 2025
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	This is followed by the conditioned action, equally in the subjunctive but introduced by ''kéla'' ‘then, therefore’, one of the few Olgish conjunctions: ''kéla ahandärnek nauka'' ‘I would speak politely with you’.		This is followed by the conditioned action, equally in the subjunctive but introduced by ''kéla'' ‘then, therefore’, one of the few Olgish conjunctions: ''kéla ahandärnek nauka'' ‘I would speak politely with you’.

	===Morphological soft selection==		===Morphological soft selection===
	A hallmark feature of all [[Ortûlékian languages]], affixes in Middle Olgish show a great deal of flexibility with regards to the syntactic class of the host they attach to, moving fairly freely between nouns, verbs, and adjectives, and more rarely even pronouns and particles. This ‘soft’ host selection is very common and appears in multiple instances in the text above:		A hallmark feature of all [[Ortûlékian languages]], affixes in Middle Olgish show a great deal of flexibility with regards to the syntactic class of the host they attach to, moving fairly freely between nouns, verbs, and adjectives, and more rarely even pronouns and particles. This ‘soft’ host selection is very common and appears in multiple instances in the text above:
	* '''ilisek''' ‘it would be good’ ← ''ilis'' {{sc\|adj}} ‘good’ + ''-ek'' (singular subjunctive ending)		* '''ilisek''' ‘it would be good’ ← ''ilis'' {{sc\|adj}} ‘good’ + ''-ek'' (singular subjunctive ending)
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	===Elision of the definite article===		===Elision of the definite article===
			The definite article ''terg'', obligatory in [[Saint Fádin\|Fádin’s]] [[Liturgical Middle Olgish\|Liturgical Olgish]], is used only sparingly in Middle Olgish and in many instances subject to elision and cliticization, attaching either to the following noun or, more commonly, a preceding preposition.

			The above text contains only three definite articles, two serving a demonstrative function and one used in a possessive construction with a pronoun.

	~~===Possessive construction with a pronoun===~~		*''duat’ hern'' ‘at home’

Michaelmgoessler: /* Discussion */

2025-05-03T16:28:02Z

Discussion

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:28, 3 May 2025
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	</table>		</table>

	==~~Discussion~~==		==Notable constructions in the text==
			===Conditional clause===
			The text’s very first sentence is a good example of a Middle Olgish conditional construction.
			<blockquote>''Ním ilisek kéla ahandärnek nauko.''<br />‘If all were well, I would be polite with you.’</blockquote>
			The condition is presented first, without a conjunction but the predicate in the subjunctive mood: ''ním ilisek'' ‘things would [be] good’.

	This is a {{sc\|~~test~~}}.		This is followed by the conditioned action, equally in the subjunctive but introduced by ''kéla'' ‘then, therefore’, one of the few Olgish conjunctions: ''kéla ahandärnek nauka'' ‘I would speak politely with you’.

			===Morphological soft selection==
			A hallmark feature of all [[Ortûlékian languages]], affixes in Middle Olgish show a great deal of flexibility with regards to the syntactic class of the host they attach to, moving fairly freely between nouns, verbs, and adjectives, and more rarely even pronouns and particles. This ‘soft’ host selection is very common and appears in multiple instances in the text above:
			* '''ilisek''' ‘it would be good’ ← ''ilis'' {{sc\|adj}} ‘good’ + ''-ek'' (singular subjunctive ending)
			* '''elikún''' ‘so many different options’ ← ''elik'' ‘alternative, choice’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)
			* '''gissún''' ‘full of’ ← ''gis'' ‘with’ + ''-ún'' (superlative suffix)

			===Elision of the definite article===


			===Possessive construction with a pronoun===

Michaelmgoessler: /* Gloss and interlinear translation */

2025-05-03T16:12:18Z

Gloss and interlinear translation

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:12, 3 May 2025
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	<table>		<table>
	<tr><td>Gimmortik</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>terg</td><td>túra=</td><td>da</td><td>bern-</td><td>e-</td><td>t</td><td>kassa</td><td>eldírik</td><td>nau=</td><td>da.</td></tr>		<tr><td>Gimmortik</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>terg</td><td>túra=</td><td>da</td><td>bern-</td><td>e-</td><td>t</td><td>kassa</td><td>eldírik</td><td>nau=</td><td>da.</td></tr>
	<tr><td>wise.person</td><td>reminisce-</td><td>{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>{{sc\|def}}</td><td>mother=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td><td>make-</td><td>{{sc\|sg-}}</td><td>{{sc\|past}}</td><td>feast</td><td>formidable</td><td>for=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}.</td></tr>		<tr><td>wise.person</td><td>reminisce-</td><td>{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>{{sc\|def}}</td><td>mother=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td><td>make-</td><td>{{sc\|sg-}}</td><td>{{sc\|past}}</td><td>feast</td><td>formidable</td><td>for=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td></tr>
	<tr><td colspan=13>A wise person remembers when their mother cooked the best food for them.</td></tr>		<tr><td colspan=13>A wise person remembers when their mother cooked the best food for them.</td></tr>
	</table><br />		</table><br />
	<table>		<table>
	<tr><td>Kéla</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>kóris</td><td>nau</td><td>énos</td><td>lár</td><td>kassa</td><td>ilis.</td></tr>		<tr><td>Kéla</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>kóris</td><td>nau</td><td>énos</td><td>lár</td><td>kassa</td><td>ilis.</td></tr>
	<tr><td>hence</td><td>~~reminice~~-</td><td>{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>joy</td><td>towards</td><td>family</td><td>from</td><td>feast</td><td>good.</td></tr>		<tr><td>hence</td><td>reminisce-</td><td>{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>joy</td><td>towards</td><td>family</td><td>from</td><td>feast</td><td>good</td></tr>
	<tr><td colspan=9>Hence, they know what a pleasure good food is for the family.</td></tr>		<tr><td colspan=9>Hence, they know what a pleasure good food is for the family.</td></tr>
	</table>		</table>

Michaelmgoessler: /* Gloss and interlinear translation */

2025-05-03T16:11:40Z

Gloss and interlinear translation

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:11, 3 May 2025
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	<table>		<table>
	<tr><td>Gimmortik</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>terg</td><td>túra=</td><td>da</td><td>bern-</td><td>e-</td><td>t</td><td>kassa</td><td>eldírik</td><td>nau=</td><td>da.</td></tr>		<tr><td>Gimmortik</td><td>ilínar-</td><td>e</td><td>terg</td><td>túra=</td><td>da</td><td>bern-</td><td>e-</td><td>t</td><td>kassa</td><td>eldírik</td><td>nau=</td><td>da.</td></tr>
	<tr><td>wise.person</td><td>reminisce-{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>{{sc\|def}}</td><td>mother=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td><td>make-</td><td>{{sc\|sg-}}</td><td>{{sc\|past}}</td><td>feast</td><td>formidable</td><td>for=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}.</td></tr>		<tr><td>wise.person</td><td>reminisce-</td><td>{{sc\|sg}}</td><td>{{sc\|def}}</td><td>mother=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}</td><td>make-</td><td>{{sc\|sg-}}</td><td>{{sc\|past}}</td><td>feast</td><td>formidable</td><td>for=</td><td>{{sc\|3sg}}.</td></tr>
	<tr><td colspan=13>A wise person remembers when their mother cooked the best food for them.</td></tr>		<tr><td colspan=13>A wise person remembers when their mother cooked the best food for them.</td></tr>
	</table><br />		</table><br />